836 Pactum Sicardi, peace between the Principality of Benevento and the Duchy of Naples
993 Saint Ulrich of Augsburg is canonized.
1054 Brightest known supernova SN 1054 (creates the Crab Nebula) 1st reported by Chinese astronomers
1120 Jordan II of Capua is anointed as prince after his infant nephew's death1301 Battle at Breukelen: Holland vs Lichtenberg
1359 Francesco II Ordelaffi of Forlì surrenders to the Papal commander Gil de Albornoz.
1415 Angelo Correr renounces his claim to the Papacy as Pope Gregory XII
1453 41 Jewish martyrs burned at stake at Breslau
1534 Christian III is elected King of Denmark and Norway in the town of Rye
1634 The city of Trois-Rivières is founded in New France, later to become the Canadian province of Quebec
1636 City of Providence, Rhode Island form
1652 Prince of Condé starts blood bath in Paris
1653 English Barebones Parliament goes into session
1672 States of Holland declares "Eternal Edict" void
1693 Battle at Boussu-lez-Walcourt: French-English vs Dutch army
1708 Battle of Holowczyn: Swedish King Charles XII defeats superior Russian force in surprising vctory
1774 Orangetown Resolutions adopted in the Province of New York, one of many protests against the British Parliament's Coercive Acts
1776 According to popular legend the Liberty Bell rings for the Second Continental Congress
1779 French fleet occupies Grenada
1789 1st US tariff act signed by President Washington
1796 1st Independence Day celebration is held
1802 The 1st US Military Academy at West Point opens
1802 US Military Academy officially opens (West Point, NY)
1803 The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people
1810 French troops occupy Amsterdam
1817 Chief Engineer James Geddes begins construction on the Erie Canal, (Rome, New York), one of the first great engineering works in North America
1827 Slavery abolished in New York
1828 Construction begins on B & O (Baltimore-Ohio) 1st US passenger RR
1829 Cornerstone laid for 2nd US mint at Chestnut and Juniper St, Philadelphia, the "Grecian Temple"
1829 The first London bus "omnibus", operated by George Shillibeer, begins service between Marylebone Road and Bank Junction
1831 "America (My Country 'Tis of Thee)" is 1st sung in Boston
1836 Wisconsin Territory forms
1837 Grand Junction Railway, the world's first long-distance railway, opens between Birmingham and Liverpool
1838 Iowa Territory is organised from Wisconsin Territory, lasting until 1846
1838 Huskar Colliery Mining Disaster in Silkstone England: mining pit floods drown 26 children, leads to 1842 'Mines and Collieries Act' bans women and children working underground
1840 The Cunard Line's 700 ton wooden paddle steamer RMS Britannia departs from Liverpool bound for Halifax, Nova Scotia on the first transatlantic crossing with a scheduled end1861 In a special session of 27th Congress Lincoln requests 400,000 troops
1861 Skirmish at Harper's Ferry, West Virginia
1862 R Morgan's: Tomkinsville, KY to Somerset, KY [->JUL 28]
1863 Boise, Idaho founded (now capital of Idaho)
1863 Failed Confederate assault on Helena Arkansas (640 casualties)
1863 Skirmish at Smithburg, TN
1863 Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to Union forces
1865 First edition of "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" by Lewis Carroll is published
1866 Firecracker thrown in wood starts fire destroying half of Portland, Maine, US
1868 Battle at Ueno, Japan: last Tokugawa armies defeated
1868 Maori leader Te Kooti and 300 of his followers captured the schooner Rifleman in the Chatham Islands and sail for New Zealand; landing at Whareongaonga six days later
1873 Aquarium opens in Woodward Gardens, San Francisco
1874 Social Democratic Workmen's Party of North America formed
1875 White Democrats kill several blacks in terrorist attacks in Vicksburg
1876 1st public exhibition of electric light in San Francisco
1876 Batholdi visits Bedloe Island, future home of his Statue of Liberty
1879 Africaner Union forms by Rev SJ du Toit at Cape colony
1879 Battle at Ulundi: Lord Chelmsford beats Zulu King Cetshwayo
1882 Telegraph Hill Observatory opens in San Francisco
1883 Buffalo Bill Cody presents 1st wild west show, North Platte, Nebraska
1884 1st US bullfight held (Dodge City Ks)
1884 Statue of Liberty presented to US in Paris
1886 1st scheduled transcontinental passenger train reaches Port Moody, British Columbia
1887 The founder of Pakistan, Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, joins Sindh-Madrasa-tul-Islam, Karachi
1888 1st organized rodeo competition held, Prescott, Arizona
1889 Washington state constitutional convention holds 1st meeting
1892 James Keir Hardie chosen 1st socialist in British Lower house
1892 Western Samoa changes the International Date Line, so that year there were 367 days in this country, with two occurrences of Monday, July 4
1894 Elwood Haynes successfully tests one of 1st US autos at 6 MPH
1894 Republic of Hawaii proclaimed, Sanford B Dole as president
1895 Katherine Lee Bates publishes "America the Beautiful"
1898 French liner "La Bourgogne" collides with bark Cromartyshire, 560 die
1898 US flag hoisted over Wake Island (Spanish-American War)1900 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: R.F. Doherty beats Sydney Smith 6-8, 6-3, 6-1, 6-2 for his 4th of 8 Wimbledon singles titles
1900 Williams Jennings Bryan nominated as Democratic Party presidential candidate, USA
1903 Pacific Cable (San Francisco, Hawaii, Guam, Philipines) opens, President Theodore Roosevelt sends a message
1905 Baseball Hall of Fame pitchers Rube Waddell (A's) and Cy Young (Boston) matchup in 20-inning classic, A's win 4-2
1906 Great Britain, France, and Italy declare independence of Ethiopia (Abyssinia), but all lay claim to their own 'spheres of influence' in that land
1910 The US Congress pass the Mann-Elkins Act, an important piece of railroad reform legislation
1910 In a mutual defense agreements, Japan and Russia delineate their spheres of interest in Manchuria
1911 105°F (41°C) at Vernon, Vermont (state record)
1911 106°F (41°C) at Nashua, New Hampshire (state record)
1912 Detroit Tiger George Mullen no-hits St Louis Browns, 7-0
1912 Jack Johnson beats "Fireman" Jim Flynn by disqualification in 9 in Las Vegas to retain world heavyweight boxing title
1913 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: New Zealander Anthony Wilding defends his title beating American Maurice McLoughlin 8-6, 6-3, 10-8
1913 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: In an all-British final Dorothea Chambers beats Winifred McNair 6-0, 6-4
1914 1st US motorcycle race (300 miles, Dodge City Ks)
1914 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Dorothea Chambers wins her 7th and last Wimbledon singles title beating Ethel Larcombe 7-5, 6-4
1914 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Australian Norman Brookes beats Anthony Wilding of New Zealand 6-4, 6-4, 7-5
1918 Altar dedicated at full-scale replica of Stonehenge at Maryhill, Washington
1918 Ottoman sultan Mehmed VI ascends to the throne
1919 ADGB (Allgemeine Deutsche Gewerkschaftsbund) party forms
1920 The provisional government of Siberia's Maritime Province agrees to hand over parts of the strategic oil- and coal-rich Sakhalin Islands to Japan
1923 Jack Dempsey beats Tommy Gibbons on points over 15 hard fought rounds in Shelby, Montana to retain world heavyweight boxing title
1925 44 die when Dreyfus Hotel in Boston collapses
1925 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: In an all-French final Rene Lacoste beats Jean Borotra 6-3, 6-3, 4-6, 8-6
1925 A's Lefty Grove beats Yanks Herb Pennock 1-0 in 15 innings
1926 NSDAP-party forms in Weimar
1927 First flight of the Lockheed Vega.
1929 AM radio station WOWO, Indiana's transmitter burns down
1930 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Helen Moody wins 4th straight Wimbledon singles beating fellow American Elizabeth Ryan 6-2, 6-2
1931 1st fireworks are held at Cleveland Stadium
1931 1st trailside museum opens in Cleveland Metroparks1933 Work begins on Oakland Bay Bridge
1934 Jordanians revolt in Amsterdam after reduction in employment
1934 Hungarian physicist Leo Szilard patents the chain-reaction design for the atomic bomb
1936 League of Nations ends sanctions against Italy after Italian takeover of Abyssinia
1938 Phillies complete move to Shribe Park in Philadelphia, lose 10-5 to Boston Bees
1938 France-Turkish friendship treaty
1939 Red Sox 3rd baseman Jim Tabor hits record-tying 2 grand slams in one MLB game, 18-12 win v Phillies
1940 British destroys French battle fleet at Oran, Algeria, 1267 die
1941 Latvia partisans shoot 416 Jews dead
1941 Politburo of Yugoslav communist party reorganizes
1942 1st American bombing mission over enemy-occupied Europe (WWII)
1942 US air offensive against nazi-Germany begins
1944 1,100 US guns fire 4th of July salute at German lines in Normandy
1944 Allied assault on Carpiquet airport at Caen
1944 Gestapo arrests German Social Democrat Julius Leber
1945 Field Marshal Henry Maitland Wilson gives Britain's agreement to use the atomic bomb against Japan at the Combined Policy Committee in Washington D. C.
1946 Anti Jewish riots in Kielce Poland, 42 die
1946 Philippines gains independence from US
1947 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Jack Kramer wins his only Wimbledon singles title beating fellow American Tom Brown 6-1, 6-3, 6-2
1947 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Margaret Osborne beats Doris Hart 6-2, 6-4 for her only Wimbledon singles title
1947 British Open Golf, Royal Liverpool: Irishman Fred Daly wins his only Open, 1 stroke ahead of Reg Horne and Frank Stranahan
1950 Boston Braves slugger Sid Gordon ties MLB season grand slam record (4) with a bases loaded hit vs Phillies
1950 Harry Truman signs public law 600 (Puerto Ricans write own constitution)
1950 The first broadcast by Radio Free Europe.
1952 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Australian Frank Sedgman wins his only Wimbledon singles title beating Czech Jaroslav Drobný 4-6, 6-2, 6-3, 6-2
1952 Canadain Currency, Mint & Exchange Fund Act allows gold coins of $5, $10, and $20 to be minted
1952 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Maureen Connolly beats Louise Brough 7-5, 6-3 for the first of 3 straight Wimbledon crowns
1953 Imre Nagy succeeds Matyas Rákosi as premier of Hungary
1954 WMSL (WYUR, now WAFF) TV channel 48 in Huntsville, AL (ABC) begins
1954 FIFA World Cup Final: Helmut Rahn scores the winner as West Germany beats Hungary 3-2 in Bern
1954 Dr Sam Sheppard's wife Marilyn is murdered (he is accused of the crime)
1954 Meat and all other food rationing officially ends in Britain, nine years after the end of World War II
1956 Independence National Historical Park forms in Philadelphia
1956 US most intense rain fall (1.23" in 1 minute) at Unionville Maryland
1957 Dutch 2nd Chamber accepts temporary tax increase
1958 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: In an all-Australian final Ashley Cooper wins his only Wimbledon singles title beating Neale Fraser 3-6, 6-3, 6-4, 13-11
1958 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: American Althea Gibson beats Angela Mortimer 8-6, 6-2 to successfully defend her title
1959 America's new 49-star flag honoring Alaska statehood unfurled
1959 Cayman Islands separated from Jamaica, made a crown colony
1959 Island Records founded in Jamaica1961 Walt Disney is one of the two main speakers on the Independence Day in The Rebuild Hills at Skørping in Denmark
1962 KIKU (now KHNL) TV channel 13 in Honolulu, HI (IND) 1st broadcast
1964 Beachboys' "I Get Around" reaches #1
1965 US Open Women's Golf, Atlantic City CC: Carol Mann wins by 2 shots from fellow American Kathy Cornelius
1969 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Home favourite Ann Jones upsets 3-time defending champion Billie Jean King 3-6, 6-3, 6-2
1969 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1969 The Ohio Fireworks Derecho kills 18 Ohioans and destroys over 100 boats on Lake Erie.
1970 100 injured in race rioting in Asbury Park, NJ
1970 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: In an all-Australian thriller, John Newcombe beats Ken Rosewall 5,7 6-3, 6-2, 3-6, 6-11970 Chartered Dan-Air Comet crashes into mountains north of Barcelona, Spain killing 112 vacationing Britons
1970 The Falls Road curfew in North Ireland, imposed by the British Army while searching for IRA weapons, continues throughout the day; a man is killed by the British Army
1971 France performs nuclear test at Mururoa atoll
1972 The Royal Ulster Constabulary forward a file about the killings on 'Bloody Sunday' (30 January 1972) to the Director of Public Prosecutions for Northern Ireland
1973 Alan Ayckbourne's "Absurd Person Singular," premieres in London
1973 CARICOM - Caribbean Community & Common Market, forms
1974 Mike Marshall goes 9-0 with 3 saves in 20 appearances in 30 days
1975 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Billie Jean King outclasses Evonne Goolagong 6-0, 6-1 for her 6th Wimbledon singles title1976 Opening ceremony of the Dai Bosatsu monastery Catskill Mt NY
1976 Operation Entebbe - Israel rescues 229 Air France hostage passengers In Uganda (3 hostages die along with Ugandan soldiers and Israeli soldier)
1977 Nigel Harrison replaces Gary Valentine as bassist of Blondie
1977 Red Sox end 9-game losing streak by smashing a MLB-record 8 HRs in a 9-6 win vs Toronto at Fenway Park
1978 Memphis fire fighters halt 3-day strike under a court order
1979 Algerian ex-president Ben Bella freed1981 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: John McEnroe ends Björn Borg's streak of 5 straight Wimbledon titles with a 4-6, 7-6, 7-6, 6-4 win
1981 Clive Rice 105* out of 143 all out, Notts v Hants at Bournemouth
1982 Canadian Open Golf (Peter Jackson Classic), St George's CC: Sandra Haynie wins by 1 shot from Beth Daniel
1982 4th Space Shuttle Mission-Columbia 4 lands at Edwards AFB
1982 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: In an all-American classic, Jimmy Connors beats John McEnroe 3-6, 6-3, 6-7, 7-6, 6-4 for his second and final Wimbledon title
1982 Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado elected president of Mexico
1982 USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1982 Yankees bat out of order against Indians in 1st inning1984 Funeral for S Nakagawa and burial of half his ashes next to N Senzaki
1984 Kallicharran gets 206 & 6-32 in a NatWest Trophy game
1984 New York Yankees pitcher Phil Niekro strikes out Larry Parish (Texas Rangers) to become the 9th player to reach the 3,000 MLB strikeout milestone
1984 Yuri Sedykh of USSR throws hammer a record 86.33 m
1986 England cricket captain Mike Gatting smashes 183 not out in the drawn 3rd Test vs India at Birmingham
1987 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Martina Navratilova earns 8th Wimbledon singles title with a 7-5, 6-3 win over Steffi Graf
1987 Discovery moves to Launch Pad 39B for STS-26 mission
1987 Pakistani cricket all-rounder Imran Khan reaches 300th Test wicket milestone, during 3rd Test vs England at Leeds
1987 Nazi Klaus Barbie, "Butcher of Lyon" sentenced to life in France
1988 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Stefan Edberg of Sweden wins his first of 2 Wimbledon singles titles beating Boris Becker 4-6, 7-6, 6-4, 6-2
1988 After a poor start to the season Kansas City Royals release Dan Quisenberry (record 5-time AL saves leader)
1988 US Navy shoots down Iranian civilian jetliner over Gulf, kills 290
1989 Unmanned Russian Mig-23 crashes in Bellegem-Kooigem, Belgium (1 dies)
1990 400 New Kids on the Block fans treated for heat exhaustion in Minnesota
1990 France performs nuclear test at Mururoa atoll
1990 2 Live Crew release "Banned in the USA" the lyrics quote Star Spangled Banner and Gettysburg Address
1991 24th San Diego Comic-Con International opens at Pan Pacific Hotel
1992 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Steffi Graf wins her 4th of 7 Wimbledon singles titles outclassing Monica Seles 6-2, 6-1
1992 John Phillips, rocker (Mamas & Papas), undergoes a liver transplant
1993 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Pete Sampras beats fellow American Jim Courier 7-6, 7-6, 3-6, 6-3 for his first of 7 Wimbledon titles
1993 Dave Winfield hits 442nd HR to move into 19th place
1993 Pilar Fort crowned 25th Miss Black America
1993 Pizza Hut blimp deflates and lands safely on W 56th street in NYC
1994 Russian manned space craft TM-18 lands
1994 Rwandese Patriotic Front occupies Kigali
1994 FIFA World Cup: A Bebeto strike saves Brazil from embarrassment, beat USA 1-0 at Stanford
1995 Birmingham Barracudas (based in Alabama) play 1st CFL game beating Winnipeg 38-10 but failed experiment only lasts one season
1996 Hot Mail, a free internet E-mail service begins
1996 29th San Diego Comic-Con International opens at San Diego Convention Center
1997 US space probe Pathfinder lands on Ares Vallis Mars
1998 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Czech Jana Novotná beats Nathalie Tauziat of France 6-4, 7-6 for her first and only Grand Slam singles title
1999 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Pete Sampras beats Andre Agassi 6-3, 6-4, 7-5 for his third straight Wimbledon title
1999 South Korean defending champion Se-ri Pak wins the most crowded playoff in LPGA history (6) in the Jamie Farr Kroger Classic
2000 American jockey Russell Baze scores his 7,000th career victory aboard This Is the Moment at the Alameda County Fair in Pleasanton, California
2001 In a world record fee for a soccer goalkeeper, Juventus signed Parma's Gianluigi Buffon in a £32.5m deal including midfielder Jonathan Bachini
2004 The cornerstone of the Freedom Tower is laid on the site of the World Trade Center in New York City. (This was largely a symbolic event; actual construction would not start for several weeks)
2004 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Roger Federer wins the second of 5 straight Wimbledon singles titles beating Andy Roddick 4-6, 7-5, 7-6, 6-4
2004 UEFA European Championship Final: In a huge upset Greece beats host nation Portugal 1-0 in Lisbon
2005 The Deep Impact collider hits the comet Tempel 1
2006 Space Shuttle program: STS-121 Mission - Space Shuttle Discovery launches at 18:37:55 UTC.
2006 North Korea tests four short-range missiles, one medium-range missile, and a long-range Taepodong-2. The long-range Taepodong-2 reportedly fails in mid-air over the Sea of Japan/East Sea.
2006 Sri Lanka sets new ODI cricket record score 443-9 in a World Cup win over Netherlands in Amstelveen (Jayasuriya 157, Dilshan 117no)
2009 The Statue of Liberty's crown reopens to the public after 8 years, due to security reasons following the World Trade Center attacks
2009 Wimbledon Women's Tennis: Serena Williams beats sister Venus 7-6, 6-2 for her 3rd Wimbledon singles title
2010 Wimbledon Men's Tennis: Spaniard Rafael Nadal beats Tomáš Berdych 6-3, 7-5, 6-4 for his second Wimbledon title
2012 Scientists at CERN's Large Hadron Collider announce the discovery of a new particle consistent with the Higgs boson
2013 12 people are killed and 60 are injured in a wave of shootings across Chicago
2014 Rolf Harris is sentenced to 5 years and 9 months for indecently assaulting female minors
2015 Matt "Megatoad" Stonie, in an upset, defeats 8x hot dog eating champion Joey "Jaws" Chestnut at Nathan's Famous, Coney Island with 62 hot dogs
2015 Unesco grants World Heritage Status to vineyards in Champagne, France along with Singapore's Botanical Gardens, Diyarbakir Fortress (Turkey) and Maymand Caves (Iran)
2015 20th Super Rugby Final: Otago Highlanders beat Wellington Hurricanes 21-14 in Wellington for their first title
2015 Chile wins football's Copa América for the first time beating Argentina 4-1 on penalties, 0-0 a.e.t. in Santiago
2016 NASA's Juno spacecraft successfully enters Jupiter's orbit
2017 North Korea tests first successful intercontinental ballistic missile into Sea of Japan
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